<text><span class="style42"></span><span class="style12">VANUATU</span><span class="style14"></span><span class="style42">Official names:</span><span class="style13"> The Republic of Vanuatu or La République de Vanuatu</span><span class="style42">Member of: </span><span class="style13">UN, Commonwealth</span><span class="style42">Area: </span><span class="style13">12189 km2 (4706 sq mi)</span><span class="style42">Population: </span><span class="style13">160000 (1993 est)</span><span class="style42">Capital: </span><span class="style13">Port-Vila 19000 (1991 est)</span><span class="style42">Languages: </span><span class="style13">English (official; 60% as a second language), French (official; 40% as a second language), Bislama (national; 82% as a first language), 130 local dialects</span><span class="style42">Religions: </span><span class="style13">Presbyterian (33%), Anglican (30%), animist (20%), Roman Catholic (17%)</span><span class="style42">GOVERNMENT</span><span class="style13">The 46-member Parliament is elected for four years by universal adult suffrage. It elects a Prime Minister, who appoints a Council of Ministers. The President is elected for five years by Parliament and the Presidents of Regional Councils.</span><span class="style42">GEOGRAPHY</span><span class="style13">Vanuatu comprises over 75 islands, some of which are mountainous and include active volcanoes. </span><span class="style42">Climate: </span><span class="style13">Vanuatu’s tropical climate is moderated by southeast trade winds from May to October.</span><span class="style42">ECONOMY</span><span class="style13">Subsistence farming occupies the majority of the labor force. The main exports include copra, fish and cocoa. Tourism is increasingly important. </span><span class="style42">Currency: </span><span class="style13">Vatu.</span><span class="style42">HISTORY</span><span class="style13">Vanuatu was settled by Melanesians around 2000 BC. Discovered by the Portuguese in 1606, the islands were charted in 1774 by Captain Cook, who named the group the New Hebrides. British and French commercial interests in the 19th century resulted in joint control over the islands and the establishment of a condominium in 1906. The islands gained independence as Vanuatu in 1980, but have been troubled by attempted secession and political unrest.</span></text>